Many people with cancer experience sleep problems. These may include difficulty falling asleep, waking up several times during the night, or waking much earlier than intended and being unable to get back to sleep. This problem is known as insomnia. Sleep disturbances are common both during and after cancer treatment.

Poor sleep can increase fatigue, make it harder to concentrate, and have a negative impact on mood and overall quality of life.

The following measures may help improve sleep:

  • Maintain regular times for going to bed and waking up.
  • Engage in regular physical activity during the day, provided your health condition allows it.
  • Keep your bedroom quiet, dark, comfortable and at a pleasant temperature.
  • Go to bed only when you feel sleepy and get up if you are unable to fall asleep after a reasonable period of time.
  • Avoid caffeine-containing drinks, alcohol and large meals in the hours before bedtime.
  • Reduce the use of mobile phones, tablets, computers and television before going to sleep.

Worry, anxiety, pain, treatment side effects and changes to daily routines can all make sleep more difficult. Talking to someone you trust, sharing your concerns, or practising relaxation and breathing techniques may be helpful.

Some medications used during cancer treatment can also affect sleep. If you notice changes in your sleeping patterns, discuss them with your doctor or nurse so that possible causes and solutions can be assessed.

Treatment of Insomnia

Treatment will depend on the cause of the sleep problem. In some situations, your doctor may recommend sleep medication for a short period of time. These medicines can cause side effects and are not usually considered the only solution to insomnia.

When Should You Contact Your Healthcare Team?

Discuss your sleep difficulties with your healthcare team if:

  • Your difficulty sleeping lasts for several weeks.
  • You feel excessively tired during the day.
  • Insomnia is affecting your daily activities or mood.
  • Pain, anxiety or other symptoms are preventing you from getting adequate rest.